Ploidy Manipulation:
Ploidy means a sets of chromosome or genome and manipulation means to increase or to decrease . So ploidy manipulation means the change (either increase or decrease) in the number of sets of chromosome of an organism. For example, fish are diploid organisms. By ploidy manipulation we can produce triploid or tetraploid fish .
Significance of Ploidy Manipulation:
Ploidy manipulation is very much important in aquaculture because triploid , tetraploid,gynogens and androgens are produced through ploidy manipulation. The significance of ploidy manipulation are given below:
- Triploids have an increased DNA content, nuclear size, number of chromosomes (and cellular size ) compared to diploid .On the other hand triploid do not divert energy for growth to gamete production, reproduction or care of young . So, they show higher growth.
- To produce monosex male or female population.
- To discover the sex determination system.
- To create highly inbreed lines.
- To create clone lines.
- To save the endangered species.
Methods of Ploidy Manipulation:
The methods of ploidy manipulation are mainly divided into three types :
- Temperature ( High temperature/heat , Low temperature/cool)
- Pressure
- Chemicals
Types of Ploidy Manipulation:
- Triploidy
- Tetraploidy
- Gynogenesis
- Androgenesis
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